Copyright Statement

All journals under the European Research and Development Association for Science and Technology (ERDAST)operate under an open-access publishing model that empowers authors to retain copyright of their work while ensuring broad dissemination and reuse under appropriate licensing terms.

Copyright Ownership

Authors retain full copyright of their published work. Upon acceptance, authors grant the respective ERDAST journal a non-exclusive license to publish, reproduce, distribute, and publicly display the article.

License to Publish

All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits:

Unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium
Adaptation and remixing for any purpose, even commercially
Provided the original author(s) and source are properly credited

To view a copy of this license, visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Author Warranties

By submitting a manuscript to an ERDAST journal, the author(s) warrant that:

The work is original and does not infringe any existing copyright
All co-authors (if any) have approved the final version of the article
The work has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by any other publication
Any third-party material included in the article has been properly cited and permission obtained where necessary

Third-Party Reuse

Users are free to share and adapt the published articles as long as they give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. There is no need to request permission from the authors or the publisher, provided these conditions are met.